Bauchanania latifolia – Priyala
Anacardiaceae
Kingdom Plantae – Plants Subkingdom Tracheobionta – Vascular plants Superdivision Spermatophyta – Seed plants Division Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants Class Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons Subclass Rosidae Order Sapindales Family Anacardiaceae – Sumac family Genus Buchanania Spreng. – buchanania Species Buchananialatifolia Roxb. – chirauli nut
Names in different languages
Hindi:piyar,ciraumci,
kanada: nurkala,
Malayalam: mural, munnapelu, priyalam,
Tamil : murala
Telugu : sara
English: kaddappa almond
Synon
Priyal, kharaskandh, bahalvalkal, snehabeej, lalan, tapaspriya, charoli, chiraunji, karaka
Morphology
Medium sized tree about 15-18 m height. With dark grey or nearly black rough fissured bark and young branches clothed with silky hairs.
Leaves simple, broadly oblong, obtuse, base rounded , thickly coariaceous, main nerves 10-20 pair, straight and parallel, flower small,
Carpels 5, only one perfect , other 4 reduced to cylindrical filaments, lenticular drupes.
Habitat: through out India
CHEMICAL CONTENTS
Kernel lipids (65.6%), comprised mainly of neutral lipids (90.4%), consist mostly of triacylglycerol (82.2%), free fatty acids (7.8%)andsmall amount of diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols and sterols. The kernels are used in Indian medicine as a brain tonic. The leaves are valued as a cardiotonic. The leaves contain 2.64 % tannins (0.35% gallo-tannins). The presence of triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids and reducing sugars are also reported. Powdered or crushed leaves are applied to wounds. The bark contains 13.4% tannins. The presence of alkaloids, saponins and reducing sugars is also reported. Gum (stem exudate) is antidiarrhoeal. Used internally in rheumatism.
Proper
Guna : snigdha, uru.
Rasa: madhur,
Vipak : madhur,
Virya: sheeta
Dosha: vattapitha shamak
Roots are acrid, astringent, cooling, depurative and constipating, and are useful in vitiated condition of pitta. Leprosy, skin disease and diarrhea
Leaves are cooling, digestive, expectorant, purgativeuseful in cough, burning sensation, seminal weakness
Fruit: sweet, sour, cooling, depurative, constipating, nervine tonic, cardiotonic, stomachic, laxative, cardiac debility, abdominal disorder, calculus , asthma, fever, emaciation, ulcer.
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